》（Agreementon Trade Related Aspects of IntellectualPropertyRights，缩写TRIPS）是对近两个世纪以来国际知识产权保护制度的总结和发展，它第一次把知识产权与国际贸易问题联系在一起，同时又规定了一些强制措施。这个知识产权协议的影响面大于以往任何一个协议，它标志着知识产权保护的国际化向前迈进了一大步，这个协议必将成为知识产权制度发展的里程碑。本文试图对知识产权国际保护，特别是TRIPS对知识产权国际保护制度的继承和发展进行简略的阐述，并在此基础上，针对我国当前知识产权保护中存在的问题提出建议。
什么是TRIPS？
TRIPS是关贸总协定知识产权协议的英文缩写。随着世界经济、贸易格局的巨大变化，知识产权保护在世界范围内受到了越来越大的关注，TRIPS就是在这种形势下产生的。TRIPS在WEO所有协议中占有重要地位，TRIPS的第39条规定了对“未披露信息”的保护。
“未披露信息”就是我们通常所说的“商业秘密”，TRIPS之所以使用该词语，是因为尽管“商业秘密”是比较普遍的称谓，但不同国家对其含义的办公室的时存在差异，为了避免引起争议，TRIPS协议使用“未披露信息”这一术语。
TRIPS协议对未披露信息的定义是“此种信息，在下列意义上属于秘密，即其作为一个整体或作为其各部分具体构造或组合，不为通常所触及引种信彷的领域内的人们普遍知悉或者容易获得；因属秘密而具有商业价值；以及合法控制该信息的人根据民政部采取了合理的保密措施。：由此可见，TRIPS协议提出的“未披露信息”要件与我国法律对“商业秘密”的定义是一致的，即秘密性、价值性、实用性、管理性。
TRIPS第39条是对商业秘密在工业中的重要地位的第一次多国承认。
任何国家或地区要加入世界贸易组织，在知识产根底法协调方面，必须遵守TRIPS所有条款包括第39条，TRIPS第39条实际上完成了商业秘密保护法的国际化任务使商业秘密保护成为国际经济法的一部分。
关贸总协定是什么
GATT。
关税及贸易总协定额（General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, GATT）是一个政府间缔结的有关关税和贸易规则的多边国际协定，简称关贸总协定。它的宗旨是通过削减关税和其它贸易壁垒，消除国际贸易中的差别待遇，促进国际贸易自由化，以充分利用世界资源，扩大商品的生产与流通。
关贸总协定于1947年10月30日在日内瓦签订，并于1948年1月1日开始临时适用。
简介
关贸总协定的序言明确规定其宗旨是：缔约各国政府认为，在处理它们的贸易和经济事务的关系方面，应以提高生活水平、保证充分就业、保证实际收入和有效需求的巨大持续增长、扩大世界资源的充分利用以及发展商品生产与交换为目的。
通过达成互惠互利协议，大幅度地削减关税和其他贸易障碍，取消国际贸易中的歧视待遇等措施，以对上述目的做出贡献。
英文协议书
关贸总协定是关税与贸易总协定的简称，英文为GATT。它是1947年10月30日由23个国家所签订的于1948年1月1日生效的临时性的政府协定，其主要目的的是协调缔经国之间的贸易关系，促进世界贸易自由化、加强世界贸易环境的稳定性和透明度。关贸总协定在发展中已成为一个国际贸易组织，与国际货币基金，世界银行并列世界经济的三大支柱。
关贸总协定的缔约方为125个，其贸易额占世界贸易额的90%。它已举行了七个回合的多边贸易谈判，1986年9月以来正在组织第八回合（乌拉圭回合）的多边贸易谈判。谈判的范围涉及到国际贸易的各个方面，其通过的关税减让与其它协议对世界和平缔约方的经贸发展起了重要的促进作用。乌拉圭回合谈判的结果将对世界经贸产生深远的影响。
在发展不断提速的社会中，需要使用协议书的场合越来越多，协议书具有法律效力，确立某种法律关系。到底应如何拟定协议书呢？下面是我帮大家整理的英文协议书4篇，希望能够帮助到大家。
英文协议书 篇1Confidentiality Agreement
甲方：
Party A：
Party B：_______________________________Passport No:_________________________
鉴于甲方从事之经营项目的特殊性，甲乙双方根据有关法律、法规规定、在遵循平等自愿、协商一致、诚实信用的原则下，就乙方在任职期间以及离职后的有关事项达成如下协议： Whereas Party A engaged in the business view of the special nature of the project, both parties in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, in compliance with equality, voluntariness, consensus, under the principle of good faith, during party B’s tenure and after leaving , the matter reached the following agreement:
第一条 保密
Item 1 Confidentiality
1.1 乙方承诺，在本协议约定的保密期内，严格按照本协议的保密内容以及公司的保密制度 履行保密义务。For the term of this agreement, Party B promise to strictly fulfill confidentiality obligations, according to the confidentiality content &company’s confidentiality policy.
第二条 保密内容
Item 2 Confidentiality Content
2.1 不为公众知悉，能为甲方带来经济利益，具有实用性并经权利人采取保密措施的技术信息和经营信息，包括但不限于：专有技术及配方、新产品研发过程及成果、经营计划及策略、财务状况、客户资料以及供应商资料等。Technical and management information, which was not known by the public, can bring economic benefits to Party A, with practicality, and the right take security measures for, including but not limited to: intellectual property and formulations, new product development process and results, management plans and strategies, financial condition, customer data and vendor information, etc.
2.2 甲方已掌握并负有保密责任的第三者（如甲方的客户或者供应商）的技术信息和经营信息，包括但不限于：专有技术及配方、新产品研发过程及成果、经营计划及策略、财务状况、客户资料以及供应商资料等等。Party A controls and has a duty of confidentiality to protect third
parties (such as the Party A's customers or suppliers) of technical and management information, including but not limited to: intellectual property and formulations, new product development process and results, business plans and strategies, financial condition, customer data and vendor information, and so on.
2.3 甲方以书面或其他形式确定为商业秘密的资料和信息。Data and information which Party A in writing or otherwise identified as trade secret.
第三条 保密期限
Item 3 Confidentiality Period
3.1 除非甲方通过书面形式明确本协议所涉及的某项保密内容可以不用保密，则乙方应从与甲方建立劳动关系之日起（包括试用期内），无限期保守甲方之商业秘密。Unless Party A make sure in writing that a certain confidential content covered by this agreement can not be confidential , then Party B should keep the Party A ’s trade secret for ever from the date of labor relations (including probation).
第四条 泄密
Item 4 Leakage of the Trade Secret
4.1 凡未经甲方总经理或保密委员会书面授权而直接或间接以任何形式向任何人或任何组织透露上述、涉及保密内容的行为均属泄密。Without the written authorization of the general manager or security committee of party A, behaviors of directly or indirectly, in any form to any person or organization to disclose the above the content, are related to confidential disclosure.
4.2 当甲方将有关保密内容的资料或信息交由乙方保管时，若因乙方保管不当造成该资料或信息的遗失、公开、泄露时，同样视为泄密。When Party A ask party B to keep relating to the contents of confidential data or information, if loss, publicity, disclosure caused by improper storage of the data or information, for party B, the same as a leak.
第五条 违约责任
Item 5 Liability for Breach
5.1 如乙方行为造成泄密的，应立即终止泄密行为以及因此而引致的侵犯甲方商业秘密的行为，积极协助甲方采取补救措施防止泄密范围的继续扩大，并向甲方支付由于违约行为而照成的经济损失，该损失包括：直接损失、潜在损失以及权利人为主张权利而支付的费用等。The trade secret leakage caused by the Party B’s behavior, those behavior should be immediately terminated and the acts of infringement on Party A ’s trade secrets should be immediately
terminatedParty B should actively assist the Party A to take remedial measures to prevent the continued expansion of the disclosure, due to the breach, Party B should pay to Party A according to the caused economic losses, the losses include: direct losses, potential losses and the expenses of the allegation.
5.2 若该泄密行为发生在甲、乙双方劳动合同关系存续期间，则乙方除承担上述责任外，甲方还有权无条件解除与乙方的劳动合同。If the leaks occurred during the term of the labor contract between Party A and Party B, In addition to assumption of these responsibilities by Party B, Party A has the right to unconditionally terminate the labor contract with Party B
第六条 争议解决
Item 6 Dispute Resolution
6.1 如因本协议之履行发生争议，甲、乙双方应友好协商解决；协商不成，由公司所在地人民法院处理。If there is a dispute on implementation of this agreement, Party A and Party B should be settled through friendly consultationsotherwise by the local people's court in the area of the company, if negotiation fails.
第七条 本协议一式两份，甲、乙双方各执一份，每份具同等效力。
Item 7 This agreement shall be held in two copies of the same form. Each party shall preserve one copy with equal legal effect.
甲方： 乙方：
Part A： Party B:
代表人：
Representative ：
Date ： Date ：
英文协议书 篇21．甲方的责任
1．1甲方将对乙方拥有的叉车提供每季度的定期上门保养服务。每台车每年（或每_________小时）保养4次。
1．2完成每次保养服务之后，_________将向乙方提供一份叉车状况报告，其中包括建议采取的措施。
1．3甲方将向乙方提供每年一次免费的日常检查培训。
1．4_________叉车平均使用寿命为_________年（_________小时），视各行业的设备使用年限标准而不同。
1．5_________叉车的质保期为_________小时或一年，保修期内，提供四次免费保养。2．乙方的'责任
2．1甲方将提供保养用润滑脂及润滑油，保养所需易损件需另行购买。
2．2乙方应填写简短报告，并将其传真给_________办事处，以便_________安排保养及维修工作。
2．3乙方将在收到发票后一个月内付给甲方保养及其它服务或维修费用。
2．4乙方须在双方约定的时间将叉车提供给甲方维修人员做保养。否则须向甲方维修人员付等候费每小时_________元。
3．服务费
3．1每台叉车每年四（4）次定期保养服务，收费为人民币_________元（即rmb_________／次／每台车）。交通费免收。
3．2其它不在保修期限内的维修或故障修理的费用为每小时_________元，另收配件费。
3．3结算方式：每完成一次结算一次。
4．协议期限
此协议期限为12个月，从自货物到达到货买方工厂并调试合格之日起十二个月或_________工时后（产品使用期之较短者为产品的保修期）算起。
5．更新或终止
5．1协议期满后，双方将回顾协议的条款条件及执行情况，以决定是否更新或终止。
5．2在协议执行期间，如双方不能达成一致以解决冲突或争执，任何一方都可提前三十天书面通知另一方以终止协议。
甲方（签字）：_________ 乙方（签字）：_________
_________年____月____日 _________年____月____日
附件：
typical maintenance agreement
1.party a responsibilities
（1）party a will provide year/ 3 month periodical maintenance service to the forklift trucks owned by party bin party b ’s factory.this periodical maintenance service will be carried out for four （4） times per year（or per _________ hours）for each unit.
（2）a condition report with recommend action to be taken will be come out to party bafter completing each periodical maintenance service.
（3）daily check training will be conducted to party b ’s forklift operators once a year for free of charge.
（4）the average life of _________ truck is _________years （_________ hours）， which may vary in different field of industry according to its own use.
2.party bresponsibilities
（1）grease and all kinds of lubrication oil will be provided by party a . parts will be purchased by the party b .
（2）party bcomplete a short report ， and fax it to _________ office who will used these information to schedule the maintenance and other repair.
（3）party bwill pay _________ invoices for the maintenance service and other additional service or repair within one
month after receipt of the invoices.
（4）make sure the truck will be available for _________ mechanic to carry on the maintenance job at the agreed time by both parties.otherwise will pay for the cost of one waiting mechanic for rmb_________ per an hour.
3.service fee
（1）_________ hour / 3 month periodical maintenance service to the forklift truck will be charged for rmb_________ for four （4） times a year to one truck（rmb_________/time/unit）. free trafffic fee.
（2）any other service and breakdown repair that is not covered by warranty will be charged on hours spent against rate of rmb_________ per hour， plus parts replaced.
（3）settlement term： settle after maintenance every time.
4.term of the agreement
this agreement shall have a term of _________months， commencing on 12 months or _________operation hours whichever comes first.
5.renew and termination
（1）by the end of the term， both parties will review this agreement with its terms and conditions， and service performance to renew or terminate it.
（2）during the course of the performance of the agreement， if the parties cannot reach an agreement to resolve a conflict or dispute， either party may terminate the agreement by giving the other party a written notice 30 days in advance.
party a（signature）：_________ party b（signature）： _________
date：_________________________ date：_________________________
英文协议书 篇3LOAN AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
XI AN ENVIRonMENT ENGINEERING CO., LTD
AND
INNOMIND GROUP LIMITED
[month] [day] 20xx·CHINA DALIAN
Loan Agreement
This Loan Agreement (the “Agreement”) is entered into on the 【month】 【day】 20xx in XiAn, China by the following parties:
1. Borrower (“Party A”): XiAn Environment Engineering Co., Ltd Registered Address:
2. Lender (“Party B”): Innomind Group Limited Registered Address: Tel: N/A
Whereas:
(1) Party A is a wholly-foreign owned enterprise incorporated and operating within the territory of China in accordance with the laws of the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”)the registration number of its legal and valid business license is Qi Du Liao Da Zong Zi No. 015863, and the registered address is ....
(2) Party B is an enterprise incorporated in accordance with the law of British Virgin Islands, holding 100% of Party A’s equity interestthe registration number of its legal and valid Business License is 1064500, and the legal registered address is ......
(3) Party B agrees to provide loans to Party A within the range of the difference between the registered capital and the total investment of Party A
Therefore, in accordance with the laws and regulations of the PRC, the Parties, after friendly consultation, agree as follows:
Article 1 Type of the Loan
Party B agrees to provide mid-term loan to Party B in accordance with the provisions of the Loan Agreement (hereinafter as “the Agreement”).
Article 2 Usage of the Loan
The loan under this Agreement shall be used for the working capital for the business operation of Party A. Party A shall not change the usage of the loan without the prior written consent of Party B.
Article 3 The Amount and Term of the Loan
3.1 The currency of the loan under this Agreement shall be US Dollar and the amount shall be[][GLO: amount to be decided since about to USD3million will be paid out of the total proceeds as expenses of this financing. Financial advisors to
英文协议书 篇4销售合同
SALES CONTRACT
买方：JOONAS&CO.,LTD, 10 LOUIS PASTEUR STEET PORT LOUIS MAURITIUS合同号/Contract No: BF20100601
The Buyer : JOONAS&CO.,LTD, 10 LOUIS PASTEUR STEET PORT LOUIS MAURITIUS
TEL：230-2400778 FAX: 230-2408285
卖方：唐山丰润百丰商贸
日期/Date: 20xx-05-29
TEL: 0086 -315-5505831FAX: 0086-315-5505833
The Seller: Tangshan fengrun baifeng Trading Co.ltd
兹经买卖双方同意,由买方购进,卖方出售下列货物,并按下列条款签订本合同:
This ConTRACT is made by and between the Buyers and Sellerswhereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned goods on the terms and conditions stated below:
Description of Goods: As follows.
1.原产地和制造厂家（Country of Origin and Manufacturer）：
中国 ChinaTangshan fengrun baifeng Trading Co.ltd
2.包装（Packing）：STANDARD EXPORT PACKAGING
3.Shipment（装运方式）：合同中货物全部用20’集装箱海运In Contract by 20’ Container.
4.装运期限（Time of Shipment）：WITHIN15-20 WORKING DAYS AFTER RECEIPT OF 30%T/T
5.装运口岸（Port of Loading）：上海 中国SHANGHAI China
6.目的口岸（Port of Destination）：Port Louis, Mauritius
7.付款条款(Terms of Payment）：30%DOWN PAYMENT + 70% T/TAFTER RECEIVED THE COPY OF B/L
8.签约合同（Sign of Contract）：本合同传真有效This contract will valid for fax contract sign
9.人力不可抗议(Force Majeure)：由于水灾，火灾，地震，干旱，战争或协议一方无法预见，控制，避免和克服的其他事件导致不能或暂时不能全部或部分履行本协议，该方不负责托。但是，受不可抗议力事件影响的一方必须尽快将发生的时间通知另一方，并在不可抗议力事件发生15（拾伍）天内将有关机构的不可抗议力事件的证明寄交对方。Either party shall not be held responsible for failure or delay to perform all or any part of this agreement due to flood, fire, earthquake, draught, war or any other events which could not be predicted, co(转 载 于:w : 协议书英文范本 )ntrolled, avoided, or overcome by the relative party. However, the party affected by the event of Force Majeure shall inform the other party of its occurrence in writing as soon as possible and thereafter send a certificate of the event issued by the relevant authorities to the other party within 15 days after it’s occurrence.
10. 货物要求（CRC requirements）:
10.1 每件货物重量大约5吨。Weight of Coils: about 5 tons
10.2冷卷按照实重出货。 Material &Coils to be of prime quality without defects
10.3 尺寸公差 ：the thickness :±3% thickness10.4 卷的用途用于制管: suitable for cutting into sheets
10.5 OTHERS :
1. Edges of Coil should be straight ¬ wavy. Surface should be flat.
2. Coils should be suitable for cutting into sheets.
3. Coil I.D: 508mm
12.违约（Breaking the contract）：
12.1若超过装运期限卖方每天必须向买方支付货物总价款0.5%的违约金。The sellers must pay the buyers0.5% of the price of all the goods per day for breaking the contract of shipping time.
12.2如果延期超过5天卖方须向买方支付货物总价款5%的违约金。与此同时，买方保留是否继续履行合同的决定权。
If the shipping time is defered for over 5 days, the sellers must pay 5% of the price of all the goods. At the same time, the buyers reserve the right to go on carrying out the promise or not.
13.仲裁（Arbitration）：在履行协议过程中，如发生争议，双方应友好协商解决，若通过友好协商未能达成协议，则提交中国国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会，根据该会仲裁程序暂行规定进行仲裁。若以方不符裁决，再则由新加坡国际仲裁法按照该会仲裁程序的有关规定进行仲裁。以上所有仲裁费用，除另有规定外，均由败诉方负担。All disputes arising from the execution of this agreement shall be settled through friendly consultations. In case no settlement can be reached, the case in dispute shall then be submitted to the Foreign Trad Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for Arbitration in accordance with its Provisional Rules of Procedure. The decesion made by this commission shall be regarded as final and binding upon both parties. Arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party, unless otherwise awarded.
14.注意（NOTICE）:本合同一式两份，双方签订后生效。this contract is in two copies since being signed by both parties
15. BANK INFORMATION:
BANK INFORMATION:
SWIFT:CHASUS33
PAY TO:JP MORGAN CHASE BANK NATIonAL ASSOCIATIonFOR A/C OF:AGRICULTURAL BANK OF CHINA,HEAD OFFICE BEIJINGACCOUNT NAME:TANGSHAN FENGRUN BAIFENG TRADING CO. LTD.ADD:61 WEST XINHUA ROAD,TANGSHAN,HEBEI,CHINA.
买方 (Buyer)
卖方（Seller）xxxx公司 TANGSHAN FENGRUN BAIFENG TRADING CO. LTD IN FAVOR OF:ACCOUNT WITH AGRICULTURAL BANK OF CHINA,TANGSHAN BRANCH.ACCOUNT NAME: TANGSHAN FENGRUN BAIFENG TRADING CO. LTD.
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